History of independence of Bangladesh

Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan after a nine-month-long war of independence, known as the Bangladesh Liberation War, which lasted from March 26, 1971, to December 16, 1971. The conflict arose due to longstanding political and economic disparities between East and West Pakistan. The struggle for autonomy culminated in a brutal crackdown by the Pakistani military on Bengali nationalists, triggering widespread atrocities.

On December 16, 1971, the Pakistani military surrendered to the joint forces of India and the Mukti Bahini (Bangladeshi freedom fighters) in Dhaka, marking the birth of Bangladesh as an independent nation. This day is celebrated annually as Victory Day in Bangladesh. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, often referred to as the "Father of the Nation," became the country's first President.